苏州市吴中区生态保护红线区生态环境质量定量评价

摘要

In order to characterize spatial and temporal variation of the eco-environment in quality of the terrestrial ecological red line areas in Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, four indices were chosen, i.e.primary productivity, land surface temperature, land exposure degree and vegetation coverage of the area during the time-frames from July to August in the years of 2000-2015 when the vegetation grew optimally, for the four indices may well reflect eco-environment quality of the area; spatial principal component analysis method was used to build up an eco-environment aggregate index (Ef); co-environmental quality was divided into five grades (Ⅰ-Ⅴ), slope analysis and F significance test of Ef was performed; and slope-directive variances of monthly mean ecological factor (f) and ecological factor variation rate (ΔEf) was explored.Results show that during the period 2000-2015, ΔEf of the ecological red line areas varied between-008 and 006, and stayed below zero in about 43% of the areas and beyond zero in about 57%.The eco-environment quality on the whole was on a slowly rising trend, lingering in Grade Ⅱ with f being 0700±0001.Grading of the red line areas in terms of eco-environment quality shows that 3 in Grade Ⅰ, 7 in Grade Ⅱ, 1 in Grade Ⅳ and 1 in Grade Ⅴ.All the findings in this study may serve as important statistical supports and scientific evidence for protection of the ecological red line areas at Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, and contribute new thoughts and solutions to dynamic monitoring and management assessment of the ecological red line areas.%为了探讨苏州市吴中区陆域生态保护红线区生态环境质量的时空变化特征,选择2000-2015年植被生长最佳时期7-8月的能反映生态环境质量的净初级生产力、地表温度、地表裸露度和植被覆盖度4个指标,利用空间主成分分析方法构建生态因子(Ef,由生态环境质量指数归一化得到),并将生态环境质量划分为5级,对Ef进行slope分析和F显著性检验,探讨7-8月月平均生态因子(f)和生态因子变化率(ΔEf)的坡向分异情况.结果表明,近16 a来,ΔEf在[-008,006之间,研究区总面积43%的区域ΔEf<0,57%的区域ΔEf>0,生态环境质量总体上呈缓慢变好趋势;研究区生态环境质量总体属Ⅱ级(f为0700±0001),属Ⅰ级的有东吴国家森林公园、光福风景名胜区和米堆山生态公益林,属Ⅱ级的有西山风景名胜区、东山风景名胜区、石湖风景名胜区、藏书风景名胜区、渔洋山生态公益林、清明山生态公益林和玉屏山生态公益林,属Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级的分别为木渎风景名胜区和甪直风景名胜区.研究结果既可为苏州市吴中区生态保护提供重要的数据支撑和科学依据,又可为将来促进生态红线的智能化动态监测和有效管控提供新思路和新方法.