[Objective] To study the ultrastructure changes of the hepatocytes and retinal cells after methanol poisoning in rats. [Methods] The methanol, methanol mixed with ethanol and ethanol mixed with normal saline were respectively used by different ratio to feed the SD rats. The ultrastructure changes of hepatocytes and retinal cells were observed under electron microscope. [Results] Methanol -intoxicated rats were characterised by slow reaction, incoordination of moter functions. Under electron microscope, pathological changes in membranes of mitochondria of hepatocytes and retinal membrane discs can be clearly observed. In hepatocytes, the structures of double membranes in swelling mitochondria were damaged, while obvious degradations of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) were found as expansion, dissolution and degranula-tion, especially in the group of methanol mixed with ethanol. At the same time, retinal membrane discs are damaged to structural disorder.%[目的]了解甲醇中毒大鼠肝脏及视网膜细胞超微结构变化.[方法]取SD大鼠16只,随机分为4组,分别以等量甲醇、甲醇+乙醇、乙醇和生理盐水灌胃,观察各组实验动物的中毒表现及行为变化,常规取材、固定、制片,电镜下观察各组实验动物肝细胞和视网膜细胞的超微结构变化.[结果]甲醇中毒大鼠生理反应迟钝、运动机能下降.电镜下,甲醇染毒或甲、乙醇混合染毒大鼠肝细胞的线粒体肿胀,原有双层膜结构模糊,同时粗面内质网退化、扩张、溶解、脱颗粒.尤以甲醇和乙醇混合染毒动物的肝细胞损害更为显著.甲醇对眼部损害主要体现在眼底异常及结膜充血或出血.在亚细胞水平,甲醇对感光细胞的光感受器(膜盘)有明显的损伤作用.[结论]甲醇染毒或甲、乙醇混合染毒对大鼠肝细胞的线粒体和视网膜感光细胞的光感受器(膜盘)有明显损伤作用.
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