采用碳足迹分析的产品低碳优化设计

摘要

To support low-carbon product development, a model of carbon footprint based on product structure is built by using modularization and lifecycle analysis methods. Sensitivity analysis is applied to determine the mapping relationships between the change of key low-carbon design parameters and carbon emission. On the basis of revising analysis results, a multi-constrained objective optimization model of low-carbon design improvement of key modular unit was established with a target of the most reduction of carbon emission which is caused by the improvement of low-carbon design parameters. Back-tracing and genetic algorithm are applied to numerically solve the problem. Finally a case study of dishwasher is given to illustrate the feasibility and applicability of this method.%为了给低碳产品开发提供辅助支持,采用模块化思想和生命周期分析方法建立了基于产品结构的碳足迹分析模型；基于敏感性分析方法研究关键低碳设计参数变化与碳排放变化之间的映射关系,在对分析结果进行处理的基础上,以各低碳设计参数改进引起的碳足迹最小为优化目标,构建关键模块单元低碳设计改进的多约束目标优化模型,并采用回溯算法和遗传算法对优化模型进行求解.最后以洗碗机为例,验证了文中方法的可行性和有效性.