不同视觉反馈对笔倾斜输入性能的影响

摘要

Occlusion,perspective illusion and lack of real-time visual feedbacks often exist in pen tilt input.In order to improve the pen tilt input,the influence of visual feedbacks on pen tilt input was investigated.First,6 different visual feedbacks,which are full-tracking graphic visual feedback (FVF),partial-tracking graphic visual feedback (PVF),no-tracking graphic visual feedback (NVF),full-tracking digital visual feedback (DVF),partial-tracking digital visual feedback (DPF),no-tracking digital visual feedback (DNF),were designed.Then a comparative experiment was conducted to explore the influence of different visual feedbacks on pen tilt input performance in target selection tasks with different angular widths and different device types.Results show that visual feedbacks can effectively improve the speed of target selection,while the tracking mechanism can effectively improve the accuracy.Graphic visual feedback performs better than digital visual feedback in selection speed.Full-tracking visual feedback performs better than partial-tracking visual feedback in selection accuracy.Subjects select targets faster with direct input devices,and they commit fewer mistakes with indirect input devices.Finally,the principles and suggestions for pen tilt input and visual feedback uses are given,which provide guidelines for pen tilt interaction and visual feedback designs.%针对笔倾斜输入过程中存在遮挡、视角错觉和缺乏反馈等问题,分析了视觉反馈的增加对笔倾斜输入性能的影响.首先结合笔倾斜的特点设计了图形全跟踪、图形部分跟踪、图形无跟踪、数字全跟踪、数字部分跟踪和数字无跟踪6种不同的笔倾斜视觉反馈;然后通过对比实验考察了经过视觉反馈后,在直接和间接设备上完成不同角间距的目标选择任务时笔倾斜输入的性能.实验结果表明,视觉反馈可以有效地提升目标选择的速度,而跟踪机制可以有效地提高目标选择的准确度;图形反馈的速度快于数字反馈;全跟踪反馈的错误率低于部分跟踪反馈;在直接设备上完成目标选择任务速度快,但在间接设备上完成目标选择任务的准确度更高.最后给出了笔倾斜输入和视觉反馈的使用原则和建议,对笔式界面中的笔倾斜交互和视觉反馈设计具有指导意义.