项目管理中任务时间进度不确定性可视化

摘要

项目管理中对任务时间进度不确定性的处理是至关重要的. 针对现有项目管理软件不能直观地展现项目任务时间进度不确定性和人员协作的问题, 提出使用不确定性字形结合时间线法表示任务时间进度不确定性的可视化方法. 首先总结项目任务进度不确定性特点, 对影响项目进度的不确定性因素进行详细定义, 建立项目进度不确定性模型; 然后使用时间线法可视化项目整体流程, 设计不确定性可视化字形隐喻任务时间进度不确定性, 并为用户提供多种交互手段和多个视图帮助探索分析项目任务进度不确定性和人员协作情况, 根据用户的色彩感知偏好提供多种配色方案. 以软件开发项目管理为例, 在ProgramLine可视化系统中验证了文中方法的有效性和实用性.%It is very important to deal with the progress uncertainty of tasks in project managements. Present project management software cannot intuitively represent the uncertainty of the project task progress and the cooperation relation of individuals. A visualization method for visualizing task time schedule uncertainty is proposed by using uncertainty glyphs combined with a timeline method. This paper first summarizes the characteristics of task progress uncertainty, further gives a specific definition of progress uncertainty and proposes a progress uncertainty model. Then the timeline method is employed to visualize the overall proc-ess of projects, and uncertain visualization glyphs are designed to represent task progress uncertainty. Furtherly the model can provide users with a variety of interactive means and multiple views to help analyze the progress uncertainty of the project task and staff collaboration, provide multiple color schemes according to the user's color perception preferences. The software developing management is taken as a case to verify the validity and practicability of our method in ProgramLine visualization system.