Objective To analysis the relationship between the values of echo intensity and tissue pathological of different degree of nerve entrapment and to provide the theoretical basis of ultrasonic tissue characterization in nerve entrapment. Methods Two groups(group A, group B) of rat sciatic nerve entrapment model were established and group C was control group. Echo intensity of entrapped nerve were measured, and HE and Solochrome Cyanine staining was performed on the tissue to show the change of morphological structure, then the relationship of the morphological structure of nerve and the echo intensity was analyzed. Results With the compression degree aggravating,nerve tissue morphological changes gradually appeared more and more seriously. The differences of density and IOD values among the groups were significant(P<0.05) and decreased with the aggravation of nerve entrapment. Moreover, the differences of echo intensity among the groups were significant(P<0.05) and the echo intensity of experimental groups(group A,group B) increased with the tube diameter decreasing(P<0.05). The correlation coefficients between the echo intensity and density of the three groups were 0.954, 0.881 and 0.887(P<0.05), respectively, and the correlation coefficients between the echo intensity and IOD values were 0.945, 0.864 and 0.864(P<0.05), respectively. Conclusion Detection of echo intensity can estimate nerve entrapment of different degrees, and can provide valuable information for treatment of nerve entrapment.%目的：分析不同程度卡压神经回声强度及组织病理的变化规律，寻找其相关性，为神经卡压症超声组织定征提供理论依据。方法建立大鼠坐骨神经不同程度卡压模型两组（A组，n=8；B组，n=8），C组为对照组（n=8），超声测量卡压神经的回声强度值变化，并取组织行HE染色和砂罗铬花青染色，观察其神经组织形态结构的变化情况，分析其与回声强度值变化的相关性。结果随卡压程度加重，神经组织逐渐出现较多且严重的形态学改变，髓鞘变性、脱髓鞘、纤维化及轴突碎裂。体视学检查示各组间平均光密度和积分光密度比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05），且随卡压程度加重而降低。超声定量分析示各组神经组织声强值间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），组间两两比较差异亦有统计学意义，且A、B组声强值随导管内径缩小而减小。三组声强值与平均光密度相关系数分别为0．954、0．881、0．887（P＜0．05），与积分光密度相关系数分别为0．945、0．864、0．864（P＜0．05）。结论回声强度检测可定量评估不同卡压程度的神经组织，为神经卡压症的治疗提供有价值的信息。
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