胎儿先天性心脏病与孕妇年龄关系的探讨

摘要

Objective To explore the relationship between fetal congenital heart disease and maternal age . Methods Retrospectively analysis the prenatal ultrasound and postnatal follow-up results of 11215 cases.The subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the gestational age,group A≤23 years old,group B 24~29 years old,group C 30~34 years old, group D≥35 years.Statistics the type of fetal congenital heart disease and the incidence of each group,and calculate the four groups'overall incidence of fetal congenital heart diseases.Results One hundred and six fetal congenital heart disease cases were detected in 11215 cases,including 101 cases were detected by prenatal ultrasound examination,5 cases were detected by the postnatal echocardiography,prenatal ultrasound detection rate was 95.3%,congenital heart disease overall incidence was 0.94%. The incidences of fetal congenital heart disease of four groups were 1.10%,0.88%,0.81% and 1.32%,there were no statistical differences in the rates of four overall incidences.Ventricular septal defect was the highest incidence disease,the simple ventricular septal defect in 24 cases accounted,combined with other cardiac malformations in 10 cases accounted.Then followed by pulmonary artery stenosis in 14 cases accounted,with heart malformation in 10 cases(including 9 cases with tetralogy of Fallot). Conclusion There is no difference in the incidence rate of the congenital heart disease in different pregnant age.Regular prenatal ultrasound examination is essential to pregnant women.%目的 探讨胎儿先天性心脏病与孕妇妊娠年龄的关系.方法 回顾性分析11215例孕妇(均为单胎)的产前超声检查和产后随访结果,按照孕妇妊娠年龄分成4组,即A组≤23岁,B组24~29岁,C组30~34岁,D组≥35岁,分别统计各组胎儿先天性心脏病的类型和发病率,计算并比较4组胎儿先天性心脏病的总体发病率.结果 11215例受检胎儿中,共检出先天性心脏病胎儿106例,其中101例由产前超声检出,5例由产后超声心动图检出,产前超声检出率95.3%,先天性心脏病总发病率0.94%.A、B、C、D组胎儿先天性心脏病发病率分别为1.10%、0.88%、0.81%、1.32%,各组总体发病率比较差异无统计学意义.其中室间隔缺损发病率最高,单纯性室间隔缺损24例,合并其他心内畸形10例;其次为肺动脉狭窄14例,合并心内畸形10例(其中法洛四联症9例).结论 不同妊娠年龄孕妇的胎儿先天性心脏病发病率无差别,各年龄段孕妇定期的产前超声检查必不可少.