Objective To explore notable changes in vital capacity and expiratory volume in patients with COPD and asthma u-sing bronchodilator. Methods Compare the amount and rate of vital capacity ( FVC ) and expiratory volume ( FEVj ) before and after inhaling salbutamol in patients with COPD and asthma. Results After bronchial dilation test, FVC in patients with COPD increased 191 ml and improved by 12. 93% , but FEVj only increased 63 ml and improved by 10. 01% ;FVC in patients with asthma increased 363 ml and improved by 15. 34% on average, but FEVj increased 289 ml and improved by 23. 57% . Conclusion The increase of forced vital capacity is more significant than that of expiratory volume in patients with COPD, but asthma is opposite. The measure of forced vital capacity should become a valuable objective index to identify the patients condition for COPD.%目的 探讨COPD和哮喘患者支气管舒张实验用力肺活量和呼气容积变化.方法 随机选取COPD急性加重期78例和哮喘急性发作期64例,采用支气管舒张实验比较COPD和哮喘患者实验前后用力肺活量(FVC)、一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)的增加量和增加率.结果 支气管舒张实验后,COPD患者的用力肺活量(FVC)的增加量191 ml,较舒张前增加12.93%,而一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)的增加量63 ml,较舒张前增加10.01%;哮喘患者的用力肺活量(FVC)的增加量363 ml,较舒张前增加15.34%,而一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)的增加量289 ml,较舒张前增加23.57%.结论 COPD患者支气管舒张试验后用力肺活量的增加幅度大于呼气容积的增加幅度,而哮喘患者正好相反,因此用力肺活量可鉴别COPD和哮喘患者病情的客观指标.
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