抗精神病药物对青春期女性精神分裂症患者生殖器官发育的影响

摘要

Objective To explore the impact of long-term use of antipsychotics on development of female genital organs.Methods A total of 100 female schizophrenics who fell ill in puberty and took medicine over 5 years were assigned as study objects, their general data recorded, development states of genital organs examined using color B ultrasound, and sex hormone and thyroid hormone levels as well as continuous 3 month ovulation and endometrium changes checked up.Results One patient had an infantile uterus and ovary according to color B ultrasound.Patients' prolactin levels heightened more significantly (P<0.01), estradiol lowered (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference in thyroid hormone (P>0.05).Thirty-two patients had ovulation, 68 ones no, anovulation rate was higher, and endometrium presented premetaphase changes of hyperplasia.Conclusion Long-term uses of antipsychotics lead to the changes of sex hormone levels easily, influence follicular development and endometrial changes, reduce ovulation, lower fertility, but has little effect on the development of female genital organs.%目的 探讨长期服用抗精神病药物对青春期女性精神分裂患者生殖器官发育的影响. 方法 将100例青春期起病、服药治疗5 a以上的女性精神分裂症患者设为研究对象,记录患者的一般资料,行彩色B超检查生殖器官发育情况,检测性激素、甲状腺激素水平,连续3个月检测排卵、子宫内膜变化情况.结果 彩色B超检查生殖器官结果有1例患者为幼稚子宫、幼稚卵巢.本组患者催乳素水平显著升高(P<0.01),雌二醇水平显著降低(P<0.01),甲状腺激素水平检测多在正常范围.本组患者有排卵32例,无排卵68例,存在较高的无排卵率,子宫内膜多呈增生前中期改变.结论 长期服用抗精神病药物易引起青春期女性精神分裂症患者性激素水平变化,影响卵泡发育及子宫内膜变化,减少排卵,降低生育能力,但对女性生殖器官发育影响不大.