社区缺陷型精神分裂症患者肥胖的发生率及相关因素

摘要

目的:探讨社区缺陷型精神分裂症患者肥胖的发生率及相关危险因素.方法:收集180例社区缺陷型精神分裂症患者 (患者组) 的社会人口学和临床资料;检测体质量指数 (BMI) 、空腹血糖、血脂水平;采用阳性和阴性症状量表 (PANSS) 评估患者精神症状;以BMI> 28定义为肥胖, 并据此将患者分为肥胖与非肥胖亚组;比较患者组与对照组 (323名一般情况相匹配的健康对照者) 的肥胖率;比较肥胖与非肥胖亚组间人口学及临床资料;分析缺陷型精神分裂症患者肥胖的危险因素.结果:患者组肥胖率 (29. 4％, 53例) 明显高于对照组 (9. 3％, 30名) (χ2=73. 24, P <0. 001) ;肥胖亚组非典型抗精神病药使用率 (χ2=4. 87, P=0. 027) 、高血压患病率 (χ2=5. 26, P=0. 022) 、空腹血糖 (t=2. 55, P=0. 006) 、三酰甘油水平 (t=3. 22, P=0. 001) 显著高于非肥胖亚组, PANSS阴性因子分 (t=-1. 164, P=0. 047) 明显低于非肥胖亚组.多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示, 女性、使用非典型抗精神病药、空腹血糖、血脂是肥胖的影响因素 (P <0. 05或P <0. 01) .结论:社区缺陷型精神分裂症患者肥胖率高, 女性、使用非典型抗精神病药、空腹血糖及血脂水平高是其危险因素.%Objective: To explore the incidence and related factors of obesity in patients with deficit schizophrenia living in the community. Method: The socio-demographic and clinical data of 180 patients with community deficit schizophrenia (case group) were collected. And their body mass index (BMI) , fasting blood sugar, blood lipid levels were detected. Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) was used to assess all patients' psychopathology. Obesity was defined as BMI> 28, and according to this the patients were divided into obese and non-obese subgroups. The incidence of obesity was compared between the case group and the control group (323 healthy controls with a general profile-matched) . The socio-demographic and clinical data between the obese and non-obese subgroups and the risk factors of obesity in patients with deficit schizophrenia were analyzed. Results: Overall, obesity rate in the case group (29. 4％, 53 cases) was significantly higher than that in the control group (9. 3％, 30 cases) (χ2= 73. 24, P < 0. 001) . The obese subgroups had significantly higher atypical antipsychotic use rate (χ2= 4. 87, P = 0. 027) , hypertension rate (χ2= 5. 26, P = 0. 022) , fasting blood glucose (t = 2. 55, P = 0. 006) , and blood lipid levels (t = 3. 22, P = 0. 001) . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the influence factors of obesity were females, atypical antipsychotics use, fasting blood glucose and triglyceride levels (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01) . Conclusion: The incidence of obesity in patients with deficit schizophrenia living in the community is higher. Females, atypical antipsychotics use, higher levels of fasting blood glucose and triglyceride are the risk factors of them.