注意缺陷多动性障碍儿童冲动的自我调控:Go/NoGo任务的ERPs P3分析

摘要

目的 基于行动和抑制过程研究注意缺陷多动性障碍儿童的冲动调控缺陷,进行Go/NoGo任务的事件相关电位(ERPs)P3成分的分析.方法 选择15名冲动性高的ADHD 儿童和15名正常对照组儿童,在ERPs实验中采用Go/NoGo刺激反应模式.Go和NoGo刺激出现的机率相等(各50%).结果 ①与正常儿童相比,高冲动儿童在作出的正确反应中,Go反应时较慢,而在作出的错误反应中,NoGo反应时较快,反应的正确率低.②P3波幅在病例组和对照组中都有Go-P3>NoGo-P3的倾向,尤其在ADHD的CPz和Pz点上差异有统计学意义,表现出顶中央区到顶区最大的趋势,而在额区最小.ADHD儿童的NoGo-P3波幅较小,尤其在FCz和Cz点显著,在左半球有比对照组小的倾向.③ADHD 儿童的NoGo-P3比正常儿童小,在FCz更显著.④脑地形图显示冲动的ADHD儿童右额叶的激活比正常儿童弱.结论 ADHD儿童行动的效率低,对行为的调控能力受限.Go/NoGo-P3反映行动和注意加工,左顶叶到中央区参与行动和注意加工过程.ADHD儿童顶叶皮层和右额叶功能减弱.%Objective To study the deficiency of serf-regulation in impulsivity children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)based on both procedures of action and inhibitory control.The event related potentials(ERPs)component P3 in Go/NoGo tasks was analyzed.Methods There were 15 impulsive children with ADHD and15 normal children in control group.Their age was from seven years old to eleven years old.The Go/NoGo stimulate-response model was adopted in the ERPs test.The occurrence of Go and NoGo trials was equal probability(each of 50%).Results(1)The high impulsive children had slower Go-RTs(reaction times)in making correct response than normal children,tended to be faster of NoGo-RTs in making error response and had lower correct rate.(2)P3amplitudes in both control and ADHD children had the tendency of Go-P3 > NoGo-P3,especially significant at CPz and Pz in ADHD children,showed the trend of parietal central to parietal maximum and the frontal minimum,The NoGo-P3 amplitude of ADHD group was smaller especially significant at FCz and Cz,and tended to be smaller than control on left hemisphere.(3)NoGo-P3 is smaller in impulsive children with ADHD than normal children,most significant at FCz.(4)Brain maps showed that impulsive children with ADHD were lower activation significantly in the right frontal area.Conclusions The efficiency of ADHD in action is lower.The behavior regulation in impulsive children is limited.Go/NoGo-P3 reflects action processing and attention.The left parietal lobe to central area is engaged much more in action procedure and attention.This research shows the evidence of weakened parietal cortex and right frontal cortex in impulsive children with ADHD.