被引量是广泛研究与应用的文献计量指标.随着出版数字化,论文下载量指标也受到学界越来越多的关注.目前,学界就下载量与被引量的相关关系暂无一致结论.据此,本文利用元分析方法探讨下载量与被引量相关关系的综合效应.通过系统地文献检索与筛选,获得了29项研究和85个独立效应量,涉及样本论文共115512篇.通过随机效应模型的元分析发现:下载量与被引量呈正性的强相关关系(r=0.592).调节效应分析显示:论文质量、引证时间窗、下载时间窗及下载数据源对二者的相关关系存在调节效应,其中,论文质量的调节效应最为明显.研究结果显示下载量实时、易获取的特点,使其可作为引用指标的有效补充;二者的强相关关系提示下载量可以作为科研评价指标之一.%Citation data is a widely researched and used bibliometric indicator. With the development of digital pub-lishing, download data for papers has received increasing attention from academic communities. Currently, the rela-tionship between downloads and citations remains controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis is used to explore the combined effects of the two, where 85 effect sizes in 29 sample studies are merged, involving 115,512 papers. It is shown that the correlation between downloads and citations is strong (r=0.592). The quality of research papers exhib-its a strong moderating effect, while citation windows, download windows, and download sources also exert some extent of moderation. It is revealed that download data is conclusively proved to provide an index for research evaluation, owing to its strong correlation with citations. Furthermore, with its advantages of instantaneity and acces-sibility, it also acts as an effective complement to citations.
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