子痫前期孕妇胎儿肺成熟度的超声观察

摘要

目的 通过对比观察正常孕妇和子痫前期(PE)孕妇胎儿肺结构的超声特点,探讨PE对胎肺成熟度(FLM)的影响.方法 选取早发型(29～＜34周)PE患者140例,晚发型(34～39周)PE患者100例,同时纳入同孕龄孕妇240例作为对照组,观察2组患者FLM的超声测量参数,随访产后新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)的发生情况,对比分析PE对FLM的影响.结果 早发型PE组胎儿右肺面积小于同孕龄正常组胎儿,差异有统计学意义;晚发型PE组与同孕龄正常组胎儿比较无差异.早发型和晚发型PE组肺头比(LHR)与同孕龄正常组胎儿比较无差异.早发型和晚发型PE组主肺动脉收缩期加速时间/射血时间(AT/ET)高于同孕龄正常组胎儿,差异有统计学意义.各型PE组与同孕龄胎儿产后发生NRDS情况比较无差异.结论 PE对胎儿肺组织功能成熟无明显影响,在肺组织结构成熟方面可能先于同孕龄无PE胎儿.%Objective To study the sonographic features of fetal lung in normal and preeclampic pregnancies,with follow-up on the occurrence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS),as well as,examine the effects of preeclampsia (PE) on fetal lung maturity (FLM).Methods We collected data from 140 cases during the early pregnancy period (29 to ＜34 weeks),100 cases during the late pregnancy period (34 to 39 weeks),as well as 240 cases of normal pregnancies with the same gestational ages for the contwl group.Data included the parameters of fetal lung maturity measured by ultrasound and the incidence of NRDS postpartum.We analyzed the effects of PE on fetal lung maturity.Results The right fetal lung from the early onset PE group was significantly smaller than that of the normal group.There was no difference in the right lung area between the PE group and the normal group of the same gestational age.Compared with the normal group of the same gestational age,the LHR group had no difference in the early and late PE groups.The acceleration time/ejection time of the main pulmonary artery in the early and late PE group was significantly higher than that of the normal group.There was no difference in the incidence of NRDS among all the groups of the same gestational age.Conclusion PE has no significant effect on fetal lung function or maturation of the pulmonary tissues.Lung maturation may precede the same gestational age without PE.