超重肥胖对中老年女性步态及平衡功能的影响

摘要

Gait has characteristics of stability ,periodicity ,rhythmicity ,direction and individual differences . This study aims to explore effect on gait characteristics and the ability of static balance of overweight middle aged and old women .Methods :50 women who are over 55 years old are divided into overweight group (BMI>25) and control group (BMI between 20~25) .height ,weight ,Qualisys gait cycle ,footscan and balance .Results :During the walking process ,overweight group shows shorter single foot support time ,longer double foot support time ,greater foot distance ,and body swing amplitude increased signifi‐cantly .When standing with single foot or double foot ,the displacement of the center of gravity and the length of the center of gravity were significantly higher than those of the normal weight .Conclusion :The weight gain makes gait characteristics change ,static balance ability decreases significantly in the middle aged and old women .%步态是步行的行为特征，具有稳定性、周期性、节律性、方向性及个体差异性等特征。研究旨在探究体重增加对中老年女性步态特征及静态平衡能力的影响。研究方法：将55周岁以上中老年女性50名，分为超重组（BMI＞25）和对照组（BMI指标为20～25），分别进行身高、体重、Qualisys步态周期、Footscan足底压力及平衡仪测试。结果：在自然行进中，超重肥胖者与体重正常者相比，单足支撑时间更短，双足支撑时间更长，步宽增加，步长缩短，步行速度减慢；身体左右摆幅明显增大，足间距更大，行走时产生足内翻的几率更大，更易跌倒损伤。双足及单足支撑站立时，超重肥胖者重心移动面积与重心位移长度显著高于体重正常者，显示静态平衡能力下降。结论：体重超重使中老年女性步态特征改变，静态平衡能力显著下降。