猫科动物具有夜行性和活动隐蔽的特点，难以在野外通过直接观察的方式调查种群数量。近年来兴起的自动相机技术，为解决这一难题提供了有效的观察记录手段。为明确欧亚猞猁（ Lynx lynx）的种群数量及其野外行为特征，于2010—2012年采用自动相机技术对内蒙古赛罕乌拉国家级自然保护区部分区域进行了调查。在可能出现猞猁的兽道和有蹄类动物投食站等地放置自动相机，3年间共布放90台次，累积25704个相机日，拍摄到猞猁照片154张和录像185段。经对比身体斑纹特征和活动空间，确认2012年在该区域至少有5只猞猁个体，其中2011年和2012年分别发现有母兽与幼兽同时活动，表明该区域分布有一个小而相对稳定的猞猁繁殖种群。猞猁的活动节律表现为典型的夜行性，偶尔也会在白天活动。猞猁的行为类型有取食、威胁、标记、试探、玩耍、舔幼和嗅闻等。调查中没有发现猞猁对自动相机的远红外光产生趋避行为，利用自动相机技术可以作为猞猁种群动态监测和行为研究的重要工具。%The elusive activity of wild cats made it difficult to conduct direct field survey and behavioral studies .With the quick devel-opment in technology , camera trapping is becoming an effective non-invasive approach in studying these species .Under the situation of few similar field works domestically , we conducted a camera trapping research on Eurasian lynx ( Lynx lynx) to reveal the population trend and field behavior .Camera traps were set along animal trails , feeding stations and around prey remains for getting more photo-graphs in identifying individual lynx at Saihanwula National Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia from 2010 to 2012 .The results showed that 154 photos and 185 video segments with lynx were recorded after 90 cameras had been set with the total sampling efforts of 25704 camera-days.Five adult lynx were identified according to pelage pattern in 2012, and two and one cub feeding together with their moth-ers in winter 2011 and 2012 , respectively , which may indicate a population recovery trend .The activity pattern of the lynx based on re-cording time showed a typical nocturnal rhythm with occasional diurnal activity .The field behaviors include feeding ,threatening , marking, probing, playing, licking cub and sniffing.No infrared beam avoiding behavior was found during night time , thus camera trappingcould be used as an effective complement field technique in monitoring lynx and studying its behavior .However , the camera setting regime should be improved to obtain sufficient data in population estimation and sex recognition .
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