茵陈蒿汤水提物和乙醇提物对D-氨基半乳糖胺诱导大鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的比较研究

摘要

目的 比较茵陈蒿汤乙醇提取物和水提取物对D-氨基半乳糖胺(D-GalN)诱导急性肝损伤模型大鼠肝保护作用的差异.方法 健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为:正常对照组、模型组、茵陈蒿汤水提物高、低剂量组及茵陈蒿汤醇提物高、低剂量组.除正常对照组外,其余各组均预防性给药7d,随后以D-GalN(400 mg/kg)1次性腹腔注射复制急性肝损伤模型.实验检测了血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆红素(T-Bil)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化；同时制备肝组织石蜡切片和冰冻切片,行HE、油红0、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)及葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G-6-P)染色,光镜观察、摄片.结果 多因素方差分析结果表明,茵陈蒿汤水提物降低TG及T-Bil的活性强于醇提物(P＜0.05).而醇提物抑制肝组织MDA产生的作用优于水提物.病理结果提示,茵陈蒿汤水提物的肝保护作用优于醇提物.结论 茵陈蒿汤水提和醇提工艺可得到不同的有效成分/部位或基团,发挥不同的药理作用.单独考虑茵陈蒿汤的降血脂及降胆红素作用,传统的水煎工艺应为首选；而关注抗氧化及抗炎活性,选择醇提工艺则更适合.%Objective To compare the difference in the protective effects on liver in rats with acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine ( D-GalN) between the aqueous extract and ethanol extract of Yinchenhao Tang. Methods Health male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, groups of high-dose and low-dose aqueous extract of Yinchenhao Tang ( high-dose and low-dose aqueous extract groups) , and groups of high-dose and low-dose ethanol extract of Yinchenhao Tang ( high-dose and low-dose ethanol extract groups). Except of normal group, other groups were preventively given medicinal for 7 days, and then given intraperitoneal injection of D-GalN one for copying the model of acute liver injury. The changes of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase (AST) , triglyceride (TG) , total bilirubin (T-BiL) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected. At the same time the paraffin sections and frozen sections of liver tissue were prepared and stained with HE, oil red-O, SDH and G-6-P staining for light microscope observation and photographs. Results Multi-factor analysis of variance showed that the activity of decreasing TG and T-BiL of aqueous extract was higher than that of ethanol extract ( P < 0. 05 ) , while inhibitory effect of ethanol extract on MDA was higher than that of aqueous extract. The pathological results indicated that aqueous extract had better liver protective effect than ethanol extract. Conclusion The aqueous extract technique and ethanol extraction technique of Yinchenhao Tang can obtain different effective components/ fractions or groups for playing different pharmacodynamic effects. For reducing blood fat and bilirubin, traditional decocting technique is the first selection, and for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, the ethanol extract technique will be better.