渐变钢板弹簧动力学特性分析

摘要

为了解决传统钢板弹簧设计计算方法难以考虑钢板弹簧实际工况的问题,建立了一个有限元动力学计算模型.该模型通过综合考虑板簧安装约束、簧片之间接触等非线性因素,基于有限元模型进行动力学特性分析;利用有限元瞬态动力学方法,通过激励下的响应获得钢板弹簧的动刚度、应力随频率和幅值的变化规律,对出现的迟滞特性进行分析获得等效阻尼.结果表明:综合考虑约束及接触非线性建立的模型精度较高,有限元动力学计算模型有效模拟了钢板弹簧实际工作状态.%A finite-element dynamic analysis model was built to solve the problem that the traditional designing and calculation methods of leaf spring had difficult in taking consideration of the true working condition. The nonlinear factors of both constrains and contacts were considered comprehensively in the model, and the dynamic properties of the leaf spring was investigated. The responds of the model under excitation were acquired via finite-element transient dynamic method, and the laws of dynamic stiffness and stress under various frequency and amplitudes was obtained. The hysteresis was analyzed and the equivalent damping of leaf spring was calculated from the hysteresis. The result shows that the modeling method which takes comprehensive consideration of the nonlinear constrains and contacts can effectively simulate the true working condition of leaf spring.