对海南省花场湾内表层沉积物中重金属的含量进行测定,探讨其分布特征、相关性及潜在生态危害程度.含量测定结果表明,花场湾表层沉积物中的Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd、Hg、As的含量范围分别为8.41~51.45、5.96~30.73、16.87~99.15、18.60~57.80、0.12~0.76、0.020~0.073、6.02~17.56mg/kg,均值分别为28.19、18.35、50.48、35.75、0.32、0.05、12.71mg/kg.相关性分析结果表明,Cu、Pb、Zn、Hg、Cr及Cd具有相同污染源,主要受养殖影响;此外,Cu、As、Hg受潮汐影响较大,Pb与Zn受渔船及潮汐影响较大,Cd与Cr受沿岸虾塘影响较大.重金属潜在生态危害评价结果表明,研究区以中等生态危害为主,其次为强生态危害与轻微生态危害,多种重金属潜在生态危害指数(RI)高值基本位于花场湾潟湖中心.单金属潜在危害系数程度较高的是Cd与Hg,潜在生态风险大小依次为:Cd>Hg>As>Cu>Pb>Cr>Zn.%Distribution characteristics,correlations and ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface sediments are studied with heavy metal data obtained from Huachang Bay of Hainan Province.Results show that the contents of heavy metals Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Cd,Hg and As are 28.19,18.35,50.48,35.75,0.32,0.05 and 12.71 mg/kg,with ranges from 8.41 to 51.45,5.96 to 30.73,16.87 to 99.15,18.60 to 57.80,0.12 to 0.76,0.020 to 0.073,6.02 to 17.56 mg/kg.Results of correlation analysis showed that Cu,Pb,Zn,Hg,Cr and Cd has the same source of impacts,mainly from the pollutants from mariculture.Besides,Cu,As and Hg is mostly effected by tides.Pb and Zn is mostly impacted both by tides and fishing boats.Cd and Cr is mostly impacted by shrimp ponds.Potential ecological risk assessment shows that high potential ecological risk coefficient(RI)for multi-spe-cies heavy metals is basically located in the central of Huachang Bay.The waters studied show a medium ecological risk ingenera,and the strong and slight ecological risk is minor.The potential hazard factors for Cd and Hg are higher assessed by single metal and the potential risks decrease in orders from Cd to Hg,As,Cu,Pb,Cr and Zn.
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