五礼制度沿革与萧梁文运兴变∗

摘要

The constructions of the Five-Ritual systems during Liang Dynasty included three phases:The first phase from 505 to 525 was the establishing period;the second from 525 to 546 was the Buddhist peri-od;the last from 547 to 557 was the reflected and critical period.A lot of famous writers,such as XiaoYan, XiaoTong,ShenYue,RenFang,Xu Mian,Lu Chui,Dao Qia,Zhang Zuan,and so on,participated in deba-ting and formulating the Five-Ritual systems,which had a great influence on their own literary creations,so far as to impact the transitions of the literary world during Liang Dynasty.It took on three phrases features that were Confucian rhetoric in the early-stage,quaint-gorgeous mutually exclusive in the middle stage and literature apart from morality in the last stage.Xiao Gang's made the excessive intervention of the Five-Ritu-al systems in the literary arena,and set up a series of propositions to emphasize the literary aesthetic and entertaining functions.On this basis he maintained the literature should break away from Confucian ethical systems.Xiao Yi tried to run the state by Confucian political systems with loyalty and filial piety as the core. He criticizesd the trend of literature apart from morality in the late Liang Dynasty in depth and wanted to find the way to combine the literature and morality in the literary world.%萧梁五礼制度历经天监四年至普通六年的确立期，普通六年至中大同年间的佛化期，以及太清、承圣、太平年间的反思批判期。萧衍、萧统、沈约、任昉、徐勉、陆倕、到洽、张缵等诸多文坛名士主导或参与议礼、制礼事宜，深湛的礼学修养与经学根底渗透到创作中来，进而对文运变转产生深刻影响。萧梁文坛随着五礼制度的沿革，先后呈现梁初崇典尚雅、中期典丽分趋、末期文道相分的阶段性特征。萧纲针对五礼制度化过度干预文事创作的弊端，主张文学娱情审美功能与载道宣教功能的彻底疏离。萧绎在梁末乱局中重新标举忠孝治国，深入批判文道相分的弊症，试图走出文道相合的折中之路。