Abundant ecological benefits and contradiction ideas are in Marx and Engels'theory.They sharply criticized the phenomenon under the capitalist system in the 1 9th century,such as the extreme deterioration of the mankind's living en-vironment,serious confrontation and differentiation of ecological needs and unfair distribution of ecological benefits.At the same time,they elaborated on the nature of ecological benefits and contradiction ideas based on the theory of historical materialism,revealed the internal causes of the capitalism's ecological benefits and contradictions,and dictated the possible paths to resolve the issues from the perspective of historical development of human society.%马克思、恩格斯有着丰富的生态利益矛盾思想。他们尖锐地批判了19世纪资本主义制度下人的生存环境恶化、生态需求严重对立分化、生态利益分配显失公正等现象。以唯物史观为立论基础,阐明了生态利益矛盾的本质属性,揭示了资本主义生态利益矛盾产生的内在根源,从人类社会历史发展规律的高度,指明了人类社会化解生态利益矛盾的路径。
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