随着电子器件的广泛应用，其表现出了较高的故障率，而热疲劳是表面贴装器件焊点失效的主要原因。通过分析总结国内外无铅焊点热可靠性研究，着重阐述了钎料 Ag 含量、焊点微观组织结构演变以及温度循环参数对无铅焊点寿命的影响，最后，论述了无铅焊点热可靠性研究在微观方面的发展趋势，以及在焊点物理失效模型建立和特征损伤参量提取等方面存在的研究挑战。%Thermal fatigue is a maj or source of failure of solder j oints in surface mount electronic compo-nents.Through analyzing and summarizing the lead�free solder j oint thermal reliability at home and a-broad,this paper emphatically expounds the influence of the solder Ag content,thermal cycle parameters and solder j oint microstructure on the thermal reliability of lead�free solder j oints.Finally,the paper analy-zes the challenges and the developing trend of the lead�free solder j oint thermal reliability.The hotspot and challenges in the future research by microstructure analysis and modeling,the influence of thermal load a-nalysis and the construction of physical failure model of solder joint,etc.are going to be researched fur-ther.
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