对来源于美、中、俄及埃塞阿比亚等22个国家的142份硬粒小麦材料的种子贮藏蛋白位点及遗传变异进行了研究.供试的硬粒小麦(Triticum durum Desf)材料共检测出37条醇溶蛋白条带,无1条带纹为所有材料共有,多态性达到100%,说明硬粒小麦具有丰富的醇溶蛋白等位变异.聚类分析将142份供试材料分为3个大类,材料间遗传差异大小在不同的国家有所不同,表明醇溶蛋白带型与地理来源有一定关系.高分子量谷蛋白电泳共分离出14种亚基和15种亚基组合,但是优质亚基所占比例不高,这可能是因为硬粒小麦加工用途的特殊性,使得多年的育种并未太多改变硬粒小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基等位变异的频率,促成优质亚基的累计.%The wheat baking quality is controlled by the content and composition of wheat endosperm proteins. To exploit new genetic resources and provide fundamental materials for the improvement of bread wheat quality, the genetic variations of the storage proteins in 142 durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) accessions from 22 countries were characterized by A-PAGE and SDS-PAGE. A total of 37 gliadin bands were detected, among which all bands(100%) were polymorphic. Furthermore, 142 accessions could be divided into three major groups using the clustering analysis, indicating that the gliadin variations among durum wheat were associated with their geographic origin. Fourteen high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits alleles and fifteen subunits combinations were identified. Glu-A1-c(null) was observed at the highest frequency among the 4 Glu-A1 alleles, and Glu-B1-b and Glu-B1-e were the major subunits encoded by Glu-B1.
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