报废HTPB固体推进剂中AP组分的提取工艺因素研究

摘要

In order to improve the extraction rate of Ammonium Perchlorate(AP)in HTPB solid propel-lant,the extraction process of AP in HTPB solid propellant is studied by the method of first swelling and then extraction.In this paper,the effect of ultrasonic factors on CHCl3 swelling HTPB propellant is dis-cussed.The effects of extraction time,extraction temperature,sample thickness and liquid-to-solid ratio on the extraction rate of AP are analyzed.The extraction results are characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Diffuse Reflection Infrared Fourier Transform(DRIFT)and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD).After the introduction of ultrasound,the swelling effect of chloroform on HTPB solid propellant is significantly enhanced,and the ratio of swelling growth is 20.6% higher than that of non-ultrasonic swelling.After ultrasonic swelling,the best extraction parameters of AP component in HTPB solid propel-lant are that the extraction temperature is 60 ℃, the extraction time is 4 h, the liquid-to-solid ratio is 7.5 :2 and the thickness of the sample is 3 mm.Under this condition,the recovery of AP is 95.5%and the purity of AP is 96.8%.%为提高报废HTPB固体推进剂中高氯酸铵(Ammonium Perchlorate,AP)的提取率,采用先溶胀再提取的方法对HTPB固体推进剂中AP组分的提取工艺进行了研究,探讨了超声因素对CHCl3溶胀HTPB固体推进剂的影响,分析了提取时间、提取温度、试样厚度和液料比对AP提取率的影响规律,并对提取结果进行了表征.结果表明:超声作用使得CHCl3对HTPB固体推进剂的溶胀效果显著增强,与非超声溶胀相比,溶胀增长比增加了20.6%;经超声溶胀后,HTPB固体推进剂中AP的最佳提取工艺参数为提取温度55 ℃,提取时间4 h,液料比7.5:1,试样厚度3 mm;最佳提取工艺条件下AP的提取率为95.6%,纯度为96.8%.