Objective To report a case of listeria septicemia. The literature on about 15 cases of listeria septicemia was re-viewed,for better clinical diagnosis and management of the disease. Method A retrospective analysis of the case of children with clinical data and treatment process,and review from Wanfang Data and retrieval Tongfang journal full text database of do-mestic report of 15 cases. Results In this case,the mother had intrauterine infection history. After birth,she appeared skin rash, anemia,decreased platelet and coagulation abnormalities. She early used of ceftazidime,after the blood culture report,changed Tienam to anti - infection,eventually she died of intracranial hemorrhage and the parents giving up treatment,blood culture prompt listeria monocytogenes. In the 15 cases,The birth weight of 14 cases were low,9 cases appeared asphyxia,10 cases ap-peared rash,11 cases appeared decreased platelet,coagulation abnormalities,13 cases' mothers appeared fever,13 cases had el-evated CRP,6 cases elevated with blood,7 cases used of penicillin to resistant infections,9 cases used imipenem or meropenem to anti - infection,8 cases dead ultimately. Conclusion Premature infants infected with bacteria Lester illness heavier,the prog-nosis is poor. The strengthening of the pregnant women about Lester fungus disease risk education,early diagnosis of septicemia and timely choice of antibiotics sensitivity is helpful to improve the survival and prognosis of the patients.%目的：报道1例早产儿李斯特菌败血症，并复习文献15例，为临床诊治提供依据。方法：回顾分析本例患儿临床资料和诊治过程，并复习自万方数据及同方知网期刊全文库检索的国内报道病例15例。结果：本例母亲有宫内感染史，生后出现皮疹、贫血、血小板值下降、凝血功能异常，早期使用头孢他啶，血培养报告后改泰能抗感染，最终因颅内出血，家长放弃治疗而死亡，血培养提示产单核细胞李斯特菌。15例中，14例低出生体重，9例有窒息，10例出现皮疹，11例出现血小板值下降，凝血功能异常，13例母亲产前有发热，13例 CRP 升高，6例血像升高，7例使用青霉素类抗感染，9例使用亚胺培南或美罗培南类抗感染，8例死亡。结论：早产儿感染李斯特菌病情较重，预后差。加强对孕妇进行关于李斯特菌病风险教育，早期诊断李斯特菌败血症和及时选择敏感的抗生素治疗有助于改善患者的生存及预后。
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