从《伤寒论》汗法论'不可汗之病'

摘要

Sweat is the product of the harmony of zang-fu,qi,blood,yin and yang.Its balance of production and outfl ow is essential to maintain the regular operation and related functions of the body. If the balance of sweat is injured, human physiological function will be damaged. Some diseases in clinic or specific constitution should not be used sweating method or excessive sweating. Dividing the relevant diseases from the point of ZHANG Zhongjing's six meridians syndrome differentiation.Taiyang meridian can sweat,but Shaoyang meridian and Yangming meridian may prevent perspiration in the three yang meridians. Besides that,Taiyin meridian should be careful sweating and Shaoyin meridian and Jueyin meridian may prevent perspiration in the three yin meridians.Person of specific constitution such as suffering from boil, hemorrhage, sweating, gonorrhea and epistaxis should not sweat. Zhongjing analyses the no sweating diseases from four different angles, they are valuing pulse and ignoring symptom, valuing symptom and ignoring pulse, pulse combined with symptom and signs and identifying no sweating diseases from meridians.In addition,being combined with clinical typical cases such as wrong sweating of Taiyang meridian and false diagnosis of cold disease, describes the consequences of wrong sweating to emphasize the importance of treating no sweating diseases according to syndrome differentiation.%汗液产生和流出的平衡对于维持机体正常的运转和相关功能至关重要,若破坏汗液的平衡则人的生理功能将受到损害.临床上某些疾病或特定体质不宜使用汗法或过分发汗.将相关疾病以仲景六经辨证的角度划分,三阳经中太阳属于可汗而少阳阳明忌汗,三阴经中太阴慎汗而少阴厥阴忌汗.特定体质如疮家、亡血家、汗家、淋家、衄家不宜发汗.仲景大致从4个不同角度分析了不可汗之病,分别是重脉轻症、重症轻脉、脉症合参、从经络辨不可汗.另外,结合临床上比较典型的案例如太阳误汗、误诊伤寒及其种种后果均可说明辨证论治"不可汗之病"的重要性.