巨噬细胞极化在牙龈卟啉单胞菌促进牙周炎发生发展中的作用

摘要

Porphyromonas gingivalis is the main pathogen causing periodontitis.Once invaded by Porphyromonas gingivalis,periodontal tissues become infiltrated by large amounts of inflammatory cells and undergo inflammation as macrophages polarize.Macrophages are characterized by considerable plasticity and can be divided into distinct functional cell phenotypes in different microenvironments.Polarized macrophages are essential for the onset and development of periodontitis.They can release a large number of inflammatory factors to damage periodontal tissues and produce some bactericidal substances to inhibit and kill pathogenic microbes.This review presents the role of macrophage polarization in the onset and development of periodontitis.%牙龈卟啉单胞菌是牙周炎的主要致病菌,其侵袭牙周组织后引起大量炎症细胞浸润,并调控巨噬细胞极化,从而引发牙周组织的炎症反应.巨噬细胞具有很强的可塑性,在不同的微环境下可分化为具有不同表型和功能的细胞,此过程被称为巨噬细胞的极化.极化的巨噬细胞能够释放大量促炎因子,导致牙周组织的炎症反应,在牙周炎的发生、发展过程中起重要作用;同时又能产生某些杀菌物质,发挥其抗病原微生物的功能.本文就近年来巨噬细胞极化在牙周炎发生、发展过程中的作用进行综述.