Objective To analyze the relationship among serum hepatitis B virus (HBV ) envelope large protein (HBV‐LP ) , HBV‐DNA and HBV marker(HBV‐M ) for investigating the clinical significance of HBV‐LP to reflect the HBV in vivo replication in the patients with HBV infection .Methods Total 540 cases of chronic HBV infection treated in the Longgang District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2013 to September 2015 were selected .The real‐time fluorescence quantitative PCR meth‐od was used to detect serum HBV‐DNA ,HBV‐LP and HBV‐M were detected by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . The correlation among HBV‐LP ,HBV‐M and HBV‐DNA were analyzed .Results The positive rate of HBV‐LP in HBeAg‐positive patients was 96 .39% ,and which of HBV‐DNA was 93 .33% ,there was no statistically significant difference between them (P>0 .05);The serum HBV‐LP level was positively related with the logarithmic value of HBV‐DNA copies ;the positive rate of HBV‐LP in HBeAg‐negative patients was 63 .33% ,and which of HBV‐DNA was 51 .11% ,the difference between them was statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion HBV‐LP can effectively reflect the HBV in vivo replication in the patients with chronic hepatitis B and its sensitivity is higher than that of HBeAg ,HBV‐LP can even more reflect the HBV in vivo replication status in patients with HBeAg‐negative chronic hepatitis B .%目的：通过分析乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染患者血清免疫学标志物乙型肝炎病毒外膜大蛋白（HBV‐LP）、HBV‐DNA及乙型肝炎病毒标志物（HBV‐M ）的相关性，探讨HBV‐LP对反映体内 HBV复制的意义。方法选取2013年4月至2015年9月深圳市龙岗区中医院收治的慢性乙型肝炎感染患者540例，采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测患者的血清 HBV‐DNA ，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定 HBV‐LP及 HBV‐M ，对 HBV‐LP、HBV‐M 及 HBV‐DNA 之间的相关性进行分析。结果乙型肝炎E抗原（HBeAg）阳性患者的HBV‐LP阳性率为96．39％，而HBV‐DNA的阳性率为93．33％，两者差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；HBV‐LP水平与 HBV‐DNA 的拷贝数对数值呈正相关；而 HBeAg 阴性患者的 HBV‐LP阳性率为63．33％， HBV‐DNA的阳性率为51．11％，两者差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论 HBV外膜大蛋白能够有效反映慢性乙型肝炎患者体内HBV复制情况，其灵敏度高于HBeAg ，对于HBeAg阴性的慢性乙型肝炎患者而言，HBV‐LP更能反映患者体内病毒的复制状态。
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