高血压患者脑白质高信号的病理生理学机制

摘要

作为脑小血管病的影像学表现之一,脑白质高信号(white matter hyperintensities,WMHs)在老年人群中很常见,而且与老年人的运动功能减退及认知损害密切相关.由于WMHs的病理学异质性较大,目前对其发生及发展机制的认识和研究有限,因此其预防和治疗仍是难题.研究显示,年龄和高血压是WMHs的主要危险因素.文章综述了高血压对WMHs及其进展的影响和病理生理学机制,以期寻找到预防、诊断和治疗WMHs的新策略.%As one of the imaging manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease,white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are very common in the elderly,and are closely related to motor dysfunction and cognitive impairment in the elderly.Due to the large pathological heterogeneity of WMHs,the current understanding and research on its occurrence and development mechanism is limited,so its prevention and treatment is still a difficult problem.Studies have shown that age and hypertension are the major risk factors for WMHs.This article reviews the effects of hypertension on WMHs and their progression and pathophysiological mechanisms,with a view to finding new strategies for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of WMHs.