基于STM32的大型转子振动信号采集系统的设计

摘要

为研究大型转子性能退化趋势预测与故障演变规律，设计了一套基于STM32的大型转子振动信号采集系统，并进行了实际电路实验。传感器信号通过转换、滤波等信号处理，输出给外接A／D转换器进行模数转换，转换后的信号经由主控芯片STM32f103x进行一次数字滤波后，通过串口输出给上位机进行进一步的处理。基于LabVIEW设计的主机用户程序，可同时实时显示两路振动信号的波形图，并将每次采集的数据完整存入Excel表格中，还能读取历史数据进行快速傅里叶变换，绘制出其频域图。实验表明，该系统可以实现振动信号的实时采集与存储，并进行历史数据的频域分析，为大型转子性能退化趋势预测与故障演变规律的研究提供了重要的信息。%In order to study the performance degradation trend prediction and the fault evolution law of large rotors,a set of large rotor vibration signal acquisition system was designed based on STM32.And a practical circuit experiment was carried out.The sensor signals were processed by conversion,filter and some other signal processing.Then the external AD converter converted it to digital signal.A digital filtering by the main control chip STM32f103x was used in the transformed signals,before it was output to PC for further processing through a serial port.Host user program was designed by LabVIEW.The two channel vibration signals were real-time displayed in the waveform diagram at the same time.And the data were fully saved in the Excel sheet.The fast Fourier transform was used in the historical data,which were read from the Excel sheet,to map out a frequency domain graph.The experi-ments show that the system can realize real-time vibration signal acquisition and storage.It also can analyze the frequency domain of the historical data.It provides important information for the performance degradation trend prediction and the fault evolution law of large rotors.