水稻挥发物在黑肩绿盲蝽捕食行为中的作用

摘要

在室内研究了水稻品种和氮肥水平对黑肩绿盲蝽对褐飞虱卵嗜好性的影响,及其与水稻挥发物的关系.双向选择试验表明,黑肩绿盲蝽对不同水稻品种上的褐飞虱卵有着不同的嗜好性,但对不同氮肥水平稻株上褐飞虱卵的嗜好性无明显差异.嗅觉试验表明,黑肩绿盲蝽对水稻健康苗挥发物的趋性明显地强于空白对照,对褐飞虱若虫为害苗挥发物的趋性强于健康苗,对褐飞虱雌成虫为害苗的趋性又强于若虫为害苗.不同品种的水稻挥发物对黑肩绿盲蝽的引诱作用存在明显差异,但不同氮肥水平的水稻挥发物间差异不显著.上述结果表明,水稻挥发物在黑肩绿盲蝽的捕食行为中起着重要作用.文中就如何改进水稻特性和栽培措施以增强天敌作用进行了讨论.%Experiments were conducted in laboratory to study the impacts of rice genotypes and nitrogen levels on the preference of the egg predator, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, for eggs of brown planthopper(BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Sta.l), and their relation to the rice volatiles. In two-choice tests, the female predators showed different preference for BPH eggs on different rice genotypes, but not for BPH eggs on rice plants treated with different levels of nitrogen. The olfactory response test revealed that more predator oriented to the odour from healthy rice plants compared with the plain air (control) ;the predator preferred BPH nymph-damaged plants to healthy plants, and BPH female adult-dam aged plants to BPH nymph-damaged plants. The comparative studies between rice genotypes and nitrogen levels indi cated that there were obvious differences in attractiveness to the predator between rice genotypes, while there was no significant difference between rice plants treated with different levels of nitrogen. The results showed that rice volatiles played an important role in mediating the foraging behaviour of C. lividipennis. Implications for augmenting the effec tiveness of natural enemies by adjusting rice attributes and cultural practices are discussed.