两种工艺条件下工业硫酸分解氯化钾制备硫酸氢钾的研究

摘要

Sulfuric acid decomposition of potassium chloride to prepare potassium bisulfate can be conducted in aqueous phase and anhydrous phase.The influences of temperature,amount of substance ratio,reaction time,and sulfuric acid concentration on the potassium bisulfate product under two kinds of conditions were investigated.Through single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment,the optimum conditions of aqueous phase were:reaction temperature of 90 ℃,amount of substance ratio of sulfuric acid to potassium of 1.2∶1,reaction time of 60 min,and concentration of sulfuric acid of 80％ (mass fraction,same below) and theconversion was 98.64％ under those conditions.And the optimum conditions of anhydrous phase were:reaction temperature of 80 ℃,amount of substance ratio of sulfuric acid to potassium of 1.1 ∶ 1,reaction time of 60 min,and concentration of sulfuric acid of 70％.Then the conversion was 92％.%硫酸分解氯化钾制备硫酸氢钾可在水相和无水相中反应进行.分别探讨了工业硫酸在两种工艺条件下,反应温度、原料物质的量比、反应时间以及硫酸浓度对产品硫酸氢钾的影响.通过单因素实验和正交实验,得到水相最优工艺条件:反应温度为90℃、硫酸与氯化钾物质的量比为1.2∶1、反应时间为60 min、硫酸浓度为80％(质量分数,下同),在此条件下转化率可达98.64％;无水相最优工艺条件:反应温度为80℃、硫酸与氯化钾物质的量比为1.1∶1、反应时间为60 min、硫酸浓度为70％,此时转化率可达92％.