This paper presents a novel fault detection and identification (FDI) for a class of nonlinear systems. First of all the introduction of the ESO theory is given. Then it designs a novel fault diagnosis filter for the multi-stage nonlinear system fault. Finally, the simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness and the outstanding feature that it can detect and identify the shape and magnitude of the system fault simultaneously.%介绍了扩张状态观测器理论,提出了一种应用于非线性系统的基于扩张状态观测器的故障诊断新方法,给出了多阶系统的故障观测器的设计方法,最后通过仿真实验证明所提供的方法相对于传统方法具有以下优点:一是可以得到故障的近似函数,便于识别故障.二是具有优良的即时性和反应能力.
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