典型路基边坡工程施工期雨水冲刷规律研究

摘要

In black soil region of Northeast China,red soil region of South China and loess region of Northwest China,typical railway slopes are selected for runoff plots experiment of natural railfall ero-sion and gully erosion.The study found that the slope of the subgrade engineering is erosion evidently by rain.The rainfall erosion process is mainly sheet erosion and annual rainfall erosion is gully erosion.The different slope type and whether the protection of the roadbed is most obvious influencing factors of em-bankment erosion,followed by rainfall condition factor.The runoff on traffic engineering slope generally is excess seepage.And the rainfall erosion process is a strong time -varying regularity.Infiltration rate and time presents a good logarithmic or exponential variation,the erosion modulus and sandy rates are being stabilized,significantly affected by the engineering.Slope protection and governance work of subgrade engineering is very important.%在我国东北黑土、西南红壤、西北黄土三个侵蚀亚区内选取几条施工中工程边坡进行自然降雨冲刷试验和侵蚀沟测量调查，研究发现路基工程边坡受雨水冲刷明显，次降雨冲刷过程以片蚀为主，年降雨冲刷以沟蚀为主。不同边坡类型和有无防护对路基冲刷程度影响最为明显，其次是降雨条件因素。交通工程边坡的产流形式一般为超渗产流，雨水冲刷侵蚀过程具有很强的时变规律性。入渗率与时间呈现很好的对数或指数变化规律，侵蚀模数与含沙率都趋于稳定，受工程特点影响明显。路基工程雨水冲刷边坡防护与治理工作非常重要。