基于元胞自动机的车道缩减区交通仿真软件设计与开发

摘要

采用元胞自动机理论,将车辆在车道缩减区内的运动变化规律表述为元胞自动机的演化规则,标定了元胞长度最大速度和安全距离等参数,通过确定元胞变换的原则,设计缩减区元胞自动机的结构,建立了车道缩减区交通流模拟模型;在此基础上设计并开发了基于元胞自动机车道缩减区的交通仿真软件,并将仿真软件应用于长沙市某道路车道缩减区进行仿真分析.通过对仿真结果与实测数据的对比分析,表明:同样的初始输入条件下,车道缩减区的流量仿真结果与实测值相差10.25%,平均车速相差11.5%,仿真结果的综合准确率达到89.125%;同时,仿真软件能得到路段车辆时空分布图、交通流量时变图、动态追踪车辆轨迹图,从而较为准确地模拟了车道缩减区的拥挤消散过程,可以为通行能力分析和交通改善方案意见提供技术支持.%Using cellular automata theory, will reduce the movement of vehicles in the driveway area variation is expressed as the evolution of cellular automata rules Cellular calibrated length maximum speed and safe distance and other parameters to determine the principles of cellular transformation, designed to reduce cellular Automata structural area, the establishment of a lane reduction zone traffic flow simulation model;We designed based reduction zone lane cellular automata traffic simulation software and developed on the basis of that, simulation software applied to a lane reduction area to carry out simulation Changsha analysis.By comparing the simulation results with the experimental data analysis, showed that: the same initial input conditions, reduce traffic lane simulation results with the measured values differ by 10.25% , average speed difference of 11.5%, the accuracy of the simulation results of the comprehensive reach 89.125%;Meanwhile, simulation software time and space vehicles able to get road maps, map when traffic becomes dynamic tracking vehicle trajectories, and thus more accurately simulate the crowded area to dissipate the lane reduction process for capacity analysis and traffic improvement program to provide technical support.