牵牛子对二乙基亚硝胺诱发大鼠肝癌的抑制作用

摘要

目的：研究牵牛子在二乙基亚硝胺( NDEA)诱发大鼠肝癌中的抑制作用。方法将大鼠分为正常对照组、模型对照组和牵牛子组,采用0.01% NDEA诱发模型对照组和牵牛子组大鼠肝癌90 d,牵牛子组在诱发癌的同时,用含6%牵牛子饲料按40 g·kg-1·d-1剂量喂养。停止诱发,继续喂养30 d后处死大鼠,观察大鼠肝脏的病理改变、肝表面癌结节数、肝质量、肝/体质量比以及血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶( ALT)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)、碱性磷酸酶( ALP)的变化。利用单因素方差分析LSD法检验进行统计分析。结果正常对照组大鼠肝表面癌结节数为(0.0±0.0)个,肝质量为(9.87±1.30) g,肝/体质量比为(2.62±0.24)%,血清 ALT为(64.10±12.71) U·L-1,γ-GT为(0.80±0.42) U·L-1,ALP为(121.20±37.57) U·L-1。模型对照组大鼠肝表面癌结节数为(27.4±9.5)个,肝质量为(21.38±7.29) g,肝/体质量比为(5.82±2.31)%,血清ALT为(175.70±48.75) U·L-1,γ-GT为(41.80±15.38) U·L-1,ALP为(200.50±35.78) U·L-1。牵牛子组大鼠肝表面癌结节数为(8.6±5.3)个,肝质量为(13.91±3.55)g,肝/体质量比为(3.86±0.76)%,血清ALT为(113.10±45.35) U·L-1,γ-GT为(13.40±6.15) U·L-1,ALP为(155.80±30.26) U·L-1。结果显示,牵牛子组各项指标高于正常对照组,低于模型对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论牵牛子能减轻NDEA对肝细胞的损伤,抑制NDEA诱发大鼠肝癌的过度生长。%Objective To study the inhibitory effect of Pharbitidis Semen on rat hepatoma induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine ( NDEA) . Methods SD rats were divided into normal control group, model control group and Pharbitidis Semen group. In model control group and Pharbitidis Semen group, 0. 01% NDEA was applied for 90 days to induce hepatoma, and rats in Pharbitidis Semen group concomitantly received feed containing 6% Pharbitidis Semen at the dosage of 40 g·kg-1 ·d-1 . Thirty days after the hepatoma inducement and Pharbitidis Semen administration, the rats were sacrificed to observe the pathological changes in liver, number of hepatoma nodules and liver weight. The changes of liver/body weight, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were compared. One-way ANOVA (LSD Test) was employed for statistical analysis. Results In the normal control group, the number of hepatoma nodules was 0. 0±0. 0, the liver weight was (9. 87±1. 30) g, the ratio of liver/body weight was (2. 62±0. 24)% and the level of serum ALT was (64. 10±12. 71) U·L-1,γ-GT was (0. 80± 0. 42) U·L-1, and ALP was (121. 20±37. 57) U·L-1. In the model control group, the number of hepatoma nodules was (27. 4±9. 5), the liver weight was (21. 38±7. 29) g, the ratio of liver/body weight was (5. 82±2. 31)%, the level of serum ALT was (175. 70±48. 75) U·L-1, γ-GT was (41. 80±15. 38) U·L-1, and ALP was (200. 50±35. 78) U·L-1. In the Pharbitidis Semen group, the number of hepatoma nodules was (8. 6± 5. 3), the liver weight was (13. 91±3. 55) g, the ratio of liver/body weight was (3. 86±0. 76)% and the level of serum ALT was (113.10±45.35) U·L-1, γ-GT was (13. 40± 6. 15) U·L-1, and ALP was (155. 80±30. 26) U·L-1. The results showed that all indices of Pharbitidis Semen group were higher than those of the normal control group, and lower than those of the model control group (P<0. 01 or P<0. 05). Conclusion Pharbitidis Semen can reduce NDEA-induced injury to the liver cells, and inhibit the overgrowth of the hepatoma.