Effects of returning straw to field on rhizosphere microorganisms quantity and yield of winter wheat cultivar Bainong Aikang 58, the promotion area of which was the largest in huang-huai-hai basin, were studied by field experiment to provide theatrical basis for high yield and simplified cultivation of winter wheat in North China Plain. The results showed that rhizosphere microorganisms increased and then decreased with growth and development, especially high at anthesis. The rhizosphere microorganisms quantity and yield of different treatment was deep tillage with maize straw return(DTR)> rotary tillage with maize straw return(RTR)>rotary tillage with no maize straw return(RTN). It was suggested that deep tillage with maize straw return should be further generalized to increase yield and promote sustainable development of agriculture.%为华北平原冬小麦高产简化栽培提供理论依据,以黄淮海区域推广面积最大的冬小麦品种百农矮抗58为材料,在大田条件下,研究了秸秆还田对其根际土壤微生物数量及产量的影响.结果表明,随着生育进程的推进,根际土壤微生物数量呈先升高后降低的趋势,其中在开花期较高.根际土壤微生物数量和产量表现为玉米秸秆还田翻耕>玉米秸秆还田旋耕>玉米秸秆清除旋耕.建议,要进一步推广秸秆还田并结合深耕,增加产量,促进农业的可持续发展.
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