碱法生产甲醇钠生产工艺的优化

摘要

The current preparations of sodium methylate are mainly two methods of sodium and sodium hydroxides. Sodium process is simple, high conversion rate, but too dangerous. Alkaline process is low conversion rate because of its strong reversibility while needed to continuously remove the water of reaction, but it is low cost. The actual production is produced by reactive distillation apparatus. The major influence factors of the reaction are reaction temperature, mass ratio of methanol and sodium hydroxide, and reaction time. Using single-factor experiment method, the law of reaction with the changes of the influence factors was studied. Experimental results showed that the higher the mass fraction of sodium methylate was obtained, the higher temperature increases, the greater the mass ratio of methanol and sodium hydroxide, the longer the reaction time. The optimal reaction conditions were determined.%目前制取甲醇钠主要有钠法和碱法两种方法，钠法工艺简单，转化率高，但有很大的危险性，碱法工艺因其强可逆性，转化率较低，同时又需要不断移除反应生成的水，但其成本低，在实际生产中通过反应精馏装置来生产。氢氧化钠与甲醇反应生成甲醇钠和水，这个反应的影响因素主要是反应温度，甲醇与氢氧化钠的质量比，反应时间。在本篇论文中，利用单因素实验法研究反应随影响因素的变化情况。实验结果表明，温度升高，甲醇与氢氧化钠的质量比越大，反应时间越长，甲醇钠的质量分数越高。从而确定了最优的反应条件。