二倍体与多倍体罗汉果生物学性状的比较研究

摘要

以罗汉果二倍体为对照,研究二倍体与多倍体(三倍体、四倍体)植株之间地径、株径、叶片、气孔器和花器的生物学性状.结果表明:罗汉果植株的地茎、株径、叶长宽、叶面积、叶厚、气孔长宽、保卫细胞长宽、花瓣长宽、子房纵径、子房横径均表现出:四倍体>三倍体>二倍体,而且多数性状在不同倍性间的差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05);气孔密度呈相反的趋势:二倍体>三倍体>四倍体,不同倍性彼此间差异显著(P<0.05).根据罗汉果多倍体所表现出的"巨大性",可以进行罗汉果多倍体的快速鉴定和优良罗汉果品种的培育.%Compared with the diploid, biological characteristics of diploid and polyploid Siraitia grosvenorii were studied and polyploidy Siraitia grosvenorii included triploid and tetraploid.The results showed that the basal diameter, stem width, leaf length and width, leaf area, leaf thickness, stomatal length and width, guard cell length and width, petal length and width, ovary vertical diameter and horizontal diameter were 4X＞3X＞2X,and the differences of most biological characteristics were significant between different ploidies (P ＜ 0.05). On the contrary,the trend of stomata density was 2X＞3X＞4X,and the differences were also remarkable between different ploidies (P ＜ 0.05). Because polyploidy Siraitia grosvenorii showed largness,it could be identified fastly,and used to breed Siraitia grosvenorii.