[Objective]The community structure on macrobenthic animals was analyzed,in north-eastern nearshore area of outside bay of Qinzhou,in order to determine whether the communi-ties were affected,and to find out the relationship between diversity indices of macrobenthos and environmental factors.[Methods]Trawl surveys were carried out in Jun.and Dec.2010.The survey data were analyzed by using the PIMER and SPSS software.[Results]148 species were collected altogether,including 57 species of Mollusca,42 species of Arthropod and 20 species of demersal fishes.[Conclution]The analysis showed that the macrobenthic communities can be divided into three groups in summer,and two groups in winter.The bio-diversity was better in summer than in winter.The abundance-biomass curve analysis showed that a few of the sta-tion’s macrobenthos were affected modestly,and few was affected seriously.Pearson correla-tion analysis showed that biomass,abundance and number of species all had significant negative correlation with oil concentration in sediment in summer;the abundance also had significant positive correlation with the median diameter of sediment;Shannon-Wiener index had significant positive correlation with the percentage of clay in sediment.In winter,number of species had sig-nificant positive correlation with salinity,pH and DO,and also had significant negative correlation with oil concentration in water.The abundance index had significant positive correlation with DO in water.%【目的】研究钦州湾外湾东北部近岸区域大型底栖动物群落结构，判断其受环境干扰的程度，并分析其多样性指数与环境因子之间的相关性。【方法】2010年6月和12月，采用拖网法进行底栖生物样品采集。使用PRIMER和 SPSS软件对调查所得数据进行分析。【结果】共采集到大型底栖动物种类148种，其中软体动物57种，节肢动物42种，底栖鱼类20种，其他动物共29种。【结论】调查区域大型底栖动物夏季可划分为3个群落，冬季可划分为2个群落。夏季多样性好于冬季，但冬季各站之间多样性变化范围较小。有少数站位受到中度干扰，个别站位受到稍微干扰。夏季大型底栖动物种类数与悬浮物含量呈显著负相关，生物量、丰度、种类数均与沉积物中的油类含量呈显著负相关，均匀度与沉积物中值粒径呈显著负相关，丰度与沉积物的中值粒径呈显著正相关，Shannon-Wiener指数与沉积物中的粘土含量呈显著正相关；冬季种类数与水体中的盐度、pH 值、溶解氧呈显著正相关，与水质中的油类含量呈显著负相关，丰富度指数与溶解氧呈显著正相关。
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