猪粪便中重金属无害化处理是实现养猪废弃物资源化高效循环利用的重要手段.以规模化养猪场固液分离后的猪粪渣为试验对象,选择酒渣、膨润土、草木灰、粉煤灰、秸秆粉、草炭、稻壳灰、钙镁磷肥等为原料,按一定比例设计5个配方,制成重金属复合钝化剂添加到猪粪渣中,并采用条垛式好氧堆肥处理.结果表明,5种配方都对猪粪渣中的Cu、Zn、As、Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr等重金属产生钝化效应,除Cd元素外重金属比重相对降幅为7%~34%.通过比较分析表明,配方3、配方5猪粪渣处理后的发酵产品,养分含量及As、Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr等重金属含量达到国家有机肥料生产标准(NY 525—2012),可以作为生产绿色有机肥的基础原料,实现猪粪渣无害化处理及资源化利用,有利于防止和减少畜禽规模养殖场造成的环境污染问题,促进美丽宜居乡村建设.%The innocent treatment of heavy metal in swine feces is the key link to realize the resource utilization of swine waste. Using the solid-liquid separated swine feces residue from large-scale pig farm as the test object, and taking wine residue,bentonite,plant ash,fly ash,straw powder,lime,rice husk ash,calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer,mushroom residue as raw materials,according to certain proportion,five formula were desinged,to make the heavy metal composite passivator added to the swine feces residue,and adopt the aerobic composting process. The results showed that 5 kinds of formula could passivate copper (Cu),zinc (Zn),arsenic (As),mercury (Hg),lead (Pb),cadmium (Cd),chromium (Cr) of heavy metals in swine feces residue, besides cadmium,others decreased by 7%-34%. Comparative analysis showed that, after processing of formula 3,formula 5,the indexs of nutrient content and As,Hg,Pb,Cd,Cr were up to the national organic fertilizer production standard (NY 525-2012),they can be used as the base material to produce green organic fertilizer,to realize the treatment of swine feces residue and resource utilization. The results are beneficial to prevent and reduce the environmental pollution caused by the breeding of livestock and poultry,and promote the construction of beautiful and livable countryside.
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