晋北重度盐碱化草地群落斑块的类型划分

摘要

通过研究围栏封育3年的晋北重度盐碱草地的群落斑块类型,为采取合理的措施和选择适宜的植物改良盐碱草地提供理论依据。试验根据斑块内的指示性植物或高度聚集的植物种群且轮廓明显选取15个斑块进行初步分类,另随机选择斑块特征和界限不明显的20个斑块采用聚类分析法划分斑块群落类型,调查每个斑块的群落特征和基本形状,计算斑块形状指数和分维指数确定斑块类型。结果表明：晋北重度盐碱草地群落斑块可划分为光碱斑、碱蒿（Artemisia anethifolia）斑块、芦苇（Phrag-mites australis）斑块、碱茅（Puccinellia tenuiflora）斑块、虎尾草（Chioris virgata）斑块和赖草（Leymussecalinus）斑块等6种类型。斑块形状指数和分维指数从小到大的顺序依次是光碱斑、碱蒿斑块、芦苇斑块、碱茅斑块、虎尾草斑块和赖草斑块,反映了各斑块受盐碱干扰程度依次降低。%The patch types in severe saline-alkaline grassland community fenced for 3 years in north of Shanxi Province were studied in order to provide basic data for improving saline-alkaline grassland with reasonable methods and proper plants.Fifteen patches with indicative or highly collective and distinctive aspects were used for classification and another randomly selected 20 patches without indicative or highly collective and distinctive aspects were used for classification and cluster analysis.The results showed that patch community included bare saline-alkaline patch,Artemisia anethifolia patch,Phragmites australis patch,Puccinellia distans patch,Chloria virgata patch and Leymus secalinus patch.The order of patches shape indices and fractal dimensions from small to big was bare saline-alkaline patch,A.anethifolia patch,P.australis patch,P.distans patch,C.virgata patch and L.secalinus patch,which indicated the disturbance degree of salinization.