苏州土地利用及热岛效应的时空变化

摘要

By selecting Suzhou city as an experimental area, the paper classified underlying land surface types and retrieved land surface temperature from Landsat 5 TM images in 1986 and 2004 separately. Then the spatial and temporal variation of underlying surfaces and urban heat island effect were discussed, furthermore the effect of land use change to urban heat island was lastly studied. Research results show that the significant expansion of city area and dramatic changes of land use types have been taken place in the past 20 years, characterized by high-intensity conversion from water and vegetation area to impervious surface. Besides, the urban heat island distribution has expanded from old city area to the surroundings with the intensity rising from 3.12° to 4.76°, which exists a clear corresponding relationship with the urban expansion and land use change.%选取苏州作为研究区,分别利用1986年和2004年2个时相的Landsat5 TM影像数据对研究区土地利用/覆盖类型进行分类,并采用热红外波段进行地表温度反演,在此基础上分析了下垫面类型与热岛效应的时空变化,深入研究了下垫面类型改变对热岛效应的影响.结果表明,近20a苏州市城区大范围扩张,土地利用变化剧烈,整体表现为水体、植被向不透水下垫面的高强度转化；城市热岛范围由老城区向四周成倍扩大,热岛强度由3.12.增至4.76°,热岛效应变化与土地利用时空变化之间具有明显的对应关系.