直流电法是电法勘探中的重要分支,它是采用地表供电或者井中供电,在地面测量电位响应的勘探方法.利用地面测得的异常电位响应来分析地下的物性分布情况并推断地下矿体的空间位置.以采用方波供电方式所测得的电位数据为例来分析和研究计算人工电位的方法,结果表明:当采集电位数据质量好时,采用不同长度的窗口宽度计算得到的人工电位变化不大；当采集电位数据质量差时,采用不同长度的窗口宽度计算得到的人工电位变化比较大；假设加入不同比例的随机噪声理论电位数据,并采用不同窗口宽度进行理论计算人工电位时,取较小长度的窗口宽度计算得到的人工电位比较精确.这些为下一步的数据处理与解释奠定基础.%Direct current prospecting is a main method of electrical exploration in which the electric current is injected from the ground or in the borehole, and potential is received on the ground. Distribution of the underground physical properties are analyzed by processing the abnormal potential measured on the ground, and the spatial location of the underground ore body is deduced. This paper mainly study the method for calculating the manual potential from the observation electric potential measured by the square wave power supply. The results show that, when the collecting potential data are high quality data, there is little change in artificial potential calculated by using different lengths of window widths; while the collecting potential data is low level quality data , there is great change in artificial potential calculated by using different lengths of window widths; assuming that there is a group of theory potential data adding different proportions of random noise, using the different window widths for theoretical calculations of artificial potential, we can get accurately artificial potential by taking a short window width. These conclusions lay the groundwork for the next step of the data processing and interpretation.
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