红外热成像在龙门石窟奉先寺渗水探测中的应用

摘要

奉先寺是龙门石窟具有代表性的作品之一.石窟岩性为碳酸盐岩,渗水病害严重威胁着岩体和雕刻品的完整性.准确探测出渗水部位和渗水来源等是奉先寺渗水治理方案设计的重要依据.利用红外热成像技术,在不同条件下对奉先寺崖壁渗水进行现场探测.结果表明,使用热成像仪可以准确有效地探测出崖壁岩体的渗水部位,判断出渗水来源、分布及其活动规律.与以往依靠人工观察相比,红外热成像技术有着明显的优势.该技术可在石窟渗水勘察中应用推广.%Longmen Grottoes is one of key cultural relic units under the state-level protection,which were carved in the carbonate rocks,and Fengxian Temple is one of the representative works of Longmen Grottoes.Because of the long-term impact of natural environment and human activities,Fengxian Temple has generated a variety of serious geological diseases,including seepage which can induced other diseases and had been threaten the integrity of the rock and the sculpture for a very long time.According to continuous observation,the seepage of Fengxian Temple has increased year by year.So it is very important to control the seepage.Detecting the parts of water seepage and seepage sources accurately is the base of designing the later period controlling programs of water disaster.In this paper,the seepage of Fengxian Temple had been detected under different conditions by means of infrared thermal imaging.And the results show that using thermal imaging devices can detect the seepage of the cliff rock site accurately and effectively,and what's more,the source of water seepage,the distribution and activity patterns of the seepage can be determined too.Compared with previous human observation,infrared thermal imaging has obvious advantages.Also,this technology can be used in probing the seepage of other caves in Longmen Grottoes.