三峡库区滑坡规模与发育特征研究

摘要

The research on development characteristics and size of landslides has a great significance to land-slide risk assessment and geomorphic evolution analysis.In this paper,the Three Gorges area was selected as a study area,and landslides’development characteristics and parameters such as area,volume,thickness and size density were analyzed using GIS technology and statistical method,and the variable dimension fractal theory was used to study fractal characteristics of landslide size and geological environmental factors.The results show that the regional landslide has the spatial pattern and cluster feature for soil-and rock-type landslides,and different types of landslides have characteristics of agglomeration in the distribution and no uniformity in the size.The re-lations of frequency to size and frequency to velocity of landslides exhibit the power law,indicating that land-slide system has the property of self-organized criticality.Furthermore,the results indicate that landslide size has the variable dimension fractal characteristics,revealing the sensitivity relationship between landslide size and geological environmental factors.The results are important to improve understanding of the development law and risk assessment of landslides.%研究滑坡规模及发育特征对开展滑坡风险评价和解析地貌演化过程具有重要意义。以三峡库区为研究区，通过GIS 技术和数理统计分析滑坡面积、体积、厚度、发育密度等特征参数及发育规律，以及采用变维分形理论研究滑坡规模与地质环境因素的分形特征。研究结果表明：土、岩质滑坡空间发育模式具有区域性和集群式特点，且不同类型滑坡在空间分布上具有集聚性和规模不均匀性。滑坡发育规模和时序变形速率均存在幂律规则，表明滑坡系统具有自组织临界性。发现滑坡规模具有变维分形特征，同时揭示出滑坡规模与地质环境因素之间的敏感性关系。研究结果对认识三峡库区滑坡发育规律及实现滑坡风险评价具有重要作用。