地下水污染问题日益严重，研究溶质运移的弥散理论开始应用于实际问题。建立地下水溶质运移模型，对地下水中污染物的运移及发展趋势进行准确预测，是对地下水进行保护、对地下水污染进行控制的基础。而弥散参数的确定则是地下水溶质运移模型建立的关键环节之一，直接影响着模型预测结果的精度和准确性。对西宁市贵德县地下水污染的水质运移规律进行分析，在贵德县河滨公园林场采用径向收敛流水动力弥散理论方法进行了第四系含水层现场弥散试验，计算了试验场地潜水含水层的弥散度，获得纵向弥散度（aL）为0.843～0.998 cm，横向弥散度（aT）经验推断值为0.17～0.20 cm，为进一步建立该地区的地下水溶质运移模型、预测地下水污染的发展趋势和评价该地区地下水环境质量提供了数据参考。%The problem of groundwater pollution is growing,and the diffuse theory of solute transport is applied to real problems.Establishing the groundwater solute transport model,and correctly predicting the migration and the development trend of groundwater contaminants are the basis of protection of groundwater and pollution control.So determining the dispersion parameters is a critical step for the establishment of groundwater solute transport model and imposes a direct impact on the accuracy and precision of predicted results.In order to ana-lyze the underwater migration rules of Guide County in Xining City,the authors carry on a dispersion test of un-confined aquifers with the theory of radial flow convergence hydrodynamic dispersion,and calculate the disper-sion of the unconfined aquifer in test site,then get the longitudinal dispersivity (aL)of 0.843-0.998 cm and the transverse dispersivity (aT)experience inferred value of 0.17-0.20 cm,with which we can provide refer-ence data for establishing the groundwater solute transport model,predict groundwater pollution trends and also evaluate the groundwater environmental quality of this region.
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