具有微纳复合结构的超疏水材料的制备

摘要

In recent years,the self-cleaning lotus leaf surface with hierarchical micro-and nanostructures was simulated using chemical or physical methods,which has become a research hostpot in the scientific community.Currently,there are many reports that the coating with hierarchical micro- and nanostructures was prepared using layer-by-layer assembly technology .It is time-consuming and complicated using the layer-by-layer assembly to prepared micro-membranes. Poly⁃electrolyte-polyelectrolyte complexes is a kind of aggregates which were formed by the polycation and polyanion compounds in solution. The driving force for polyelectrolyte-polyelectrolyte complexes formation is mainly electrostatic interactions ,hy⁃drogen bonding,coordination bond,guest-hostinteraction and synergetic interaction of the above force,etc. However,by far,less attention has been paid to use polyelectrolyte-polyelectrolyte complexes for layer-by-layer assembled multilayer fabrication.In this paper,we demonstrated that the polyelectrolyte-polyelectrolyte complexes PAH-PAA can be used as building blocks for layer-by-layer film fabrication.In the study,we found that the ratio of PAH to PAA,containing NaCl in PSS,thermally cross-linked and the no-drying process for layer-by-layer assembing PSS/PAH-PAA film fabrication are critical to rapidly fabricate superhydrophobic coatings with hierarchical micro-and nano-structures.%近年来，利用化学或物理的方法模拟荷叶的表面制备具有超疏水自清洁功能的微纳米复合结构的表面成为了科学界的一大研究热点。目前，利用层状组装技术制备具有微纳复合结构涂层的研究已有不少报道，然而层状组装技术在制备微米厚度的组装膜时非常耗时、制备过程也较为繁琐。以聚阳离子与聚阴离子在溶液中复合所形成的聚电解质复合物是一类基于静电、氢键、配位键、主客体相互作用等弱相互作用力而形成的聚集体。到目前为止，以聚电解质复合物作为构筑基元进行层状组装膜构筑的研究还是很少的。本文以聚电解质复合物PAH-PAA作为构筑基元，通过对影响（PSS/PAH-PAA）膜结构的因素进行研究，如复合物的复合比例，PSS中加入NaCl离子、加热、氮气不干燥等，实现了具有微纳复合结构的超疏水表面的功能膜的快速构筑。