2013-2016年上海市闵行区流感监测结果分析

摘要

目的 了解上海市闵行区2013-2016年人群流感流行特征,为流感防控提供科学参考依据.方法 收集2013-2016年闵行区流感监测网流感样病例(influenza like illness,ILI)数据和实验室病原学检测数据,分析流感流行特征.结果 2013-2016年监测到流感样病例数为37 738例,流感样病例数占门诊人数的月平均构成比为0.90％.共采集标本4094份,分离到的各型流感病毒857份,总分离率为20.93％.2013年优势株以季节性A (H3N2)型为主,2014年以B(Yamagata)型和季节性A(H3N2)型共同流行.2015年夏季高峰以季节性A (H3N2)型为主,2015年12月至2016年4月的冬春季高峰分别以新型甲型H1N1型(H1N1 pdm09)和B (Victoria)型为共同流行.2016年冬季高峰又以季节性A(H3N2)型流行为主.ILI就诊百分比(ILI％)与流感病毒阳性检出率呈正相关,Spearman秩相关分析结果显示二者高度相关(rs=0.460,P＜0.05).结论 闵行区流感大致分为冬春季和夏季两个流行高峰,流感病毒优势株交替出现并呈现一定规律,ILI流行特征与流感病毒活动趋势基本一致.%Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Minhang District of Shanghai during 2013-2016,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza.Methods Surveillance data of influenza like illness (ILI) cases from the national influenza network and data of pathogen detection during 2013-2016 in Minhang District were selected to analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza.Results The number of influenza like illness (ILI) was 37 738 from 2013 to 2016,which accounted for 0.90％ of the outpatients in monthly average.Meanwhile,4 094 samples were collected,among which 857 samples were virus positive.The total isolation rate was 20.93％.In 2013,the dominant strain was mainly seasonal influenza A (H3N2).Dominant strains of 2014 were influenza B (Yamagata) and seasonal influenza A (H3N2).In 2015,dominant strain was seasonal influenza A (H3N2) of summer peak,but the dominant strains of winter-spring peak were new type influenza H1N1 (H1N1 pdm09) and influenza B (Victoria) from December 2015 to April 2016.The dominant strain of winter peak in 2016 was seasonal influenza A (H3N2) popular.Spearman correlation analysis showed positive rate between ILI visiting rate (ILI％) and influenza virus (rs =0.460,P＜0.05).Conclusions The epidemic peaks of of influenza were winter-spring and summer in Minhang District,advantages strains were interaction pandemic with certain regulation.The characteristics of ILI visiting rate was coincident with influenza virus activity.