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非欧洲中心的生态正义--斯皮瓦克的后殖民生态批评观

     

摘要

本文探讨了后殖民理论批评家斯皮瓦克的生态转向及其生态正义观。作者认为,斯皮瓦克的后殖民生态批评深切关注进入全球化以来人与自然关系的变化。其主要内容包括:反对在父权制世界观和二元式思维方式统治下的对女性和自然界的压迫,呼吁关注妇女生存状态的多样性和差异性,聆听属下妇女真实的声音;关注世界银行与“绿色革命”背后所隐藏的西方中心主义对东方的非生态正义,以及基督教文化中体现出的人类对自然的生态压迫,吁求“从底层学习”、“动物解放神学”和“星球化”,倡导建立一种人与自然和谐相处的新型关系。同时作者借用后殖民生态女性批评一词,分析了具有强烈的解构与生态女性主义色彩的斯皮瓦克后殖民生态女性批评,作者认为,这一理论作为其后殖民生态批评的补充,关注了全球化所带来的国际劳动分工、家务劳动、人口控制以及恐怖主义和民族主义运动中女性的角色,具有一定的积极意义。%This essay describes Spivak ’ s ecological turn in her critical practice and her attitudes towards ecological justice .Spivak ’ s postcolonial eco-criticism characterized by eco-feminism focuses on how the relationship between Man and Nature has changed rapidly in the age of globalization .She has drawn considerable attention to World Banks , green revolution and an-thropocentrism , uttering her objection to the oppression both women and na-ture have suffered in the world of male centrism dominated by a binary opposi-tion.In so doing, she calls for a new type of harmonious relationship between Man and Nature which may rely on the approaches of understanding the speaking of subaltern women , learning from below , animist liberation theolo-gies and planetarity that help solve ecological crisis .In addition , the theory of postcolonial eco-feminism summed up by the author analyzes women ’ s roles in their participation in international division of labor , households , birth control , terrorism and nationalism , which makes certain significance in the present era .

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