评定木材切削刀具的切削性能及切削表面的加工质量时,均需测定木材切削时的三向切削力:主切削力、进给力及侧向力,因此设计一台合适的三向测力仪成为关键.本文以单一八角环为基础,引申出单向延伸式八角环、组合式八角环及双向延伸式八角环测力仪,并逐一分析其结构特点及应用于木材三向切削力测定的可行性.最终确定双向延伸式四耳环八角环性能最优,并对其进行设计、制选、标定及切削试验.试验结果表明该型完全符合木材三向切削力测定的要求.%To evaluate the cutting performance of wood cut-tools and the machining quality of cutting surface, the three-di-rection cutting forces including main cutting force, feed force and side-directional force need to be measured. It is the key to de-sign a suitable three-direction dynamometer. Four types of octagonal-ring dynamometers were compared, which were respectively basic octagonal-ring, single-directional extended octagonal-ring, combined octagonal-ring and bidirectional extended octagonal-ring. Their structural characteristics and feasibility to measure wood three-direction cutting forces were analysed and the result showed the bidirectional extended four-earring octagonal-ring had the best performance, which could completely satisfy the require-ment of measuring three-direction cutting forces of wood after re-designed, manufactured calibrated and tested.
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